263 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
263 lines
11 KiB
Plaintext
Basic Installation
|
|
==================
|
|
|
|
These are generic installation instructions.
|
|
|
|
The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
|
|
various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
|
|
those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
|
|
It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
|
|
definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
|
|
you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, a file
|
|
`config.cache' that saves the results of its tests to speed up
|
|
reconfiguring, and a file `config.log' containing compiler output
|
|
(useful mainly for debugging `configure').
|
|
|
|
If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
|
|
to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
|
|
diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
|
|
be considered for the next release. If at some point `config.cache'
|
|
contains results you don't want to keep, you may remove or edit it.
|
|
|
|
The file `configure.ac' is used to create `configure' by a program
|
|
called `autoconf'. You only need `configure.ac' if you want to change
|
|
it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version of `autoconf'.
|
|
|
|
The simplest way to compile this package is:
|
|
|
|
1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
|
|
`./configure' to configure the package for your system. If you're
|
|
using `csh' on an old version of System V, you might need to type
|
|
`sh ./configure' instead to prevent `csh' from trying to execute
|
|
`configure' itself.
|
|
|
|
Running `configure' takes awhile. While running, it prints some
|
|
messages telling which features it is checking for.
|
|
|
|
2. Type `make' to compile the package.
|
|
|
|
3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with
|
|
the package.
|
|
|
|
4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
|
|
documentation.
|
|
|
|
5. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
|
|
source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
|
|
files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
|
|
a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is
|
|
also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly
|
|
for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
|
|
all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
|
|
with the distribution.
|
|
|
|
Compilers and Options
|
|
=====================
|
|
|
|
Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
|
|
the `configure' script does not know about. You can give `configure'
|
|
initial values for variables by setting them in the environment. Using
|
|
a Bourne-compatible shell, you can do that on the command line like
|
|
this:
|
|
CC=c89 CFLAGS=-O2 LIBS=-lposix ./configure
|
|
|
|
Or on systems that have the `env' program, you can do it like this:
|
|
env CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include LDFLAGS=-s ./configure
|
|
|
|
Compiling For Multiple Architectures
|
|
====================================
|
|
|
|
You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
|
|
same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
|
|
own directory. To do this, you must use a version of `make' that
|
|
supports the `VPATH' variable, such as GNU `make'. `cd' to the
|
|
directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
|
|
the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
|
|
source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'.
|
|
|
|
If you have to use a `make' that does not supports the `VPATH'
|
|
variable, you have to compile the package for one architecture at a time
|
|
in the source code directory. After you have installed the package for
|
|
one architecture, use `make distclean' before reconfiguring for another
|
|
architecture.
|
|
|
|
On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
|
|
executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or
|
|
"universal" binaries--by specifying multiple '-arch' options to the
|
|
compiler but only a single '-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like
|
|
this:
|
|
|
|
./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
|
|
CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
|
|
CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
|
|
|
|
This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases. You
|
|
may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
|
|
using the 'lipo' tool if you have problems.
|
|
|
|
Installation Names
|
|
==================
|
|
|
|
By default, `make install' will install the package's files in
|
|
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/man', etc. You can specify an
|
|
installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving `configure' the
|
|
option `--prefix=PATH'.
|
|
|
|
You can specify separate installation prefixes for
|
|
architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
|
|
give `configure' the option `--exec-prefix=PATH', the package will use
|
|
PATH as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
|
|
Documentation and other data files will still use the regular prefix.
|
|
|
|
In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
|
|
options like `--bindir=PATH' to specify different values for particular
|
|
kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
|
|
you can set and what kinds of files go in them.
|
|
|
|
If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
|
|
with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
|
|
option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
|
|
|
|
Relocatable Installation
|
|
========================
|
|
|
|
By default, `make install' will install a package with hardwired
|
|
file names, and the package will not work correctly when copied or
|
|
moved to a different location in the filesystem.
|
|
|
|
Some packages pay attention to the `--enable-relocatable' option to
|
|
`configure'. This option makes the entire installed package
|
|
relocatable. This means, it can be moved or copied to a different
|
|
location on the filesystem. It is possible to make symlinks to the
|
|
installed and moved programs, and invoke them through the symlink. It
|
|
is possible to do the same thing with a hard link _only_ if the hard
|
|
linked file is in the same directory as the real program.
|
|
|
|
For reliability it is best to give together with --enable-relocatable
|
|
a `--prefix' option pointing to an otherwise unused (and never used
|
|
again) directory, for example, `--prefix=/tmp/inst$$'. This is
|
|
recommended because on some OSes the executables remember the location
|
|
of shared libraries (and prefer them over LD_LIBRARY_PATH !), therefore
|
|
such an executable will look for its shared libraries first in the
|
|
original installation directory and only then in the current
|
|
installation directory.
|
|
|
|
Installation with `--enable-relocatable' will not work for setuid /
|
|
setgid executables. (This is because such an executable kills its
|
|
LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable when it is launched.)
|
|
|
|
The runtime penalty and size penalty are nearly zero on Linux 2.2 or
|
|
newer (just one system call more when an executable is launched), and
|
|
small on other systems (the wrapper program just sets an environment
|
|
variable and execs the real program).
|
|
|
|
Optional Features
|
|
=================
|
|
|
|
Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
|
|
`configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
|
|
They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
|
|
is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
|
|
`README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the
|
|
package recognizes.
|
|
|
|
For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
|
|
find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
|
|
you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
|
|
`--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.
|
|
|
|
For packages that use the GNU libiconv library, you can use the
|
|
`configure' option `--with-libiconv-prefix' to specify the prefix you
|
|
used while installing GNU libiconv. This option is not necessary if
|
|
that other prefix is the same as the one now specified through --prefix.
|
|
|
|
For packages that use the GNU libintl library, you can use the
|
|
`configure' option `--with-libintl-prefix' to specify the prefix you
|
|
used while installing GNU gettext-runtime. This option is not necessary if
|
|
that other prefix is the same as the one now specified through --prefix.
|
|
|
|
Particular Systems
|
|
==================
|
|
|
|
On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU CC
|
|
is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in order
|
|
to use an ANSI C compiler:
|
|
|
|
./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500"
|
|
|
|
and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
|
|
|
|
On AIX 3, the C include files by default don't define some necessary
|
|
prototype declarations. If GNU CC is not installed, it is recommended to
|
|
use the following options:
|
|
|
|
./configure CC="xlc -D_ALL_SOURCE"
|
|
|
|
On BeOS, user installed software goes in /boot/home/config, not
|
|
/usr/local. It is recommended to use the following options:
|
|
|
|
./configure --prefix=/boot/home/config
|
|
|
|
Specifying the System Type
|
|
==========================
|
|
|
|
There may be some features `configure' can not figure out
|
|
automatically, but needs to determine by the type of host the package
|
|
will run on. Usually `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
|
|
a message saying it can not guess the host type, give it the
|
|
`--host=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
|
|
type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name with three fields:
|
|
CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM
|
|
|
|
See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
|
|
`config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
|
|
need to know the host type.
|
|
|
|
If you are building compiler tools for cross-compiling, you can also
|
|
use the `--target=TYPE' option to select the type of system they will
|
|
produce code for and the `--build=TYPE' option to select the type of
|
|
system on which you are compiling the package.
|
|
|
|
Sharing Defaults
|
|
================
|
|
|
|
If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
|
|
you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
|
|
default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
|
|
`configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
|
|
`PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
|
|
`CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
|
|
A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
|
|
|
|
Operation Controls
|
|
==================
|
|
|
|
`configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
|
|
operates.
|
|
|
|
`--cache-file=FILE'
|
|
Use and save the results of the tests in FILE instead of
|
|
`./config.cache'. Set FILE to `/dev/null' to disable caching, for
|
|
debugging `configure'.
|
|
|
|
`--help'
|
|
Print a summary of the options to `configure', and exit.
|
|
|
|
`--quiet'
|
|
`--silent'
|
|
`-q'
|
|
Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
|
|
suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error
|
|
messages will still be shown).
|
|
|
|
`--srcdir=DIR'
|
|
Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
|
|
`configure' can determine that directory automatically.
|
|
|
|
`--version'
|
|
Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
|
|
script, and exit.
|
|
|
|
`configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options.
|
|
|